<p><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></span><span style="color: #999999;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></span><a href="index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1064%3A28012011mersi&amp;catid=61%3A2010&amp;Itemid=131&amp;lang=fr"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><strong>Ayşe  Çavdar </strong>(Ekonomist ve yazar), <strong>Cihan Baysal</strong> (avukat ve aktivist), <strong>Ulus Atayurt</strong> (Siyasi yorumcu ve yazar, Express) </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"> </span><br /><span style="color: #888888;"> </span></span></span><span style="color: #999999;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Trying to  understand the today's Mass Housing Administration (TOKI)
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<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><strong><span style="color: #ff6600;">Ko<span style="font-size: 10pt;">nferans-tartışma</span></span></strong></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><br /><strong>"Trying to  understand the today's Mass Housing Administration (TOKI)" </strong></span><br />
<p><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: #888888;"><strong>28 Ocak Cuma 2011, saat 18:00'da, IFEA'da,<br />Ayşe Çavdar</strong>, <strong>Cihan Baysal</strong> ve <strong>Ulus  Atayurt</strong> <br />MERSİ araştırma programı kapsamında üzenlenen bu toplantının sunum dili İngilizce'dir.</span><span style="color: #888888;">Daha fazla bilgi için <a href="index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1030:conference-debate-qtrying-to-understand-the-todays-mass-housing-administration-tokiq&amp;catid=82&amp;Itemid=91">burayı</a> tıklayınız. </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #888888;"><strong><span style="color: #ff6600;"></span></strong></span><span style="color: #888888;"><em><br /><br />
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<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Introduction speech from Jean  François Pérouse : </strong></p>
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<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>" Dealing/coping with TOKİ: a new  challenge for urban studies in Turkey….</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Just a small speech about the framework  into which we are gathering here: to understand the transforming role of  public bodies in the current urban transformations; and that in a  comparative way. In fact we are witnessing a wonderful implication of  so-called public bodies in the occurring processes.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">In this respect, nowadays TOKİ, the Mass  Housing Administration which is directly linked to the Prime Ministry,  could be considered as a very striking body: this is a product of the  state which embodies remarkably its structural transformations occurred  the last years. TOKİ in fact means both the recentralization of housing  policies in Turkey and the most incredible achievement of public-private  cooperation.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Besides TOKİ has become a monster or a  giant, symbolizing the success story of AKP: the current government  indeed is using TOKİ as a tool of propaganda (especially on the eve of  elections)</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">*In <strong>quantitative</strong> terms: As  we can see on this slide between 2003 and the end of 2010 TOKİ has  built 462 582 housing units; among them 193 456 for lower middle classes  and middle classes, 125 277 for low income and poor families, 72 942  for upper classes, 53 547 for preventing illegal housing development, 13  311 after disaster housing units, and at least 4 501 for rural areas.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">*TOKİ had got <strong>awards</strong> from  United Nations… (for the transformation project of the Erzincan’s  market)</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">*In terms of <strong>urban land portfolio</strong>:  number one urban land owner in Turkey….</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">*In terms of <strong>media interventions</strong>:   TOKİ is everywhere; abroad: in Venezuela, in Kuwait, in Romania, in  Morocco, in Nigeria; TOKİ in the border with Irak, TOKİ in restoration  sector, TOKİ is buildings the deputy housing units, TOKİ is the  developer of the recently opened Galatasaray Team new stadium, TOKİ is  doing villas for rich foreigners in the southern coast, luxurious villas  near the Black Sea in Sinop …</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">*TOKİ is everywhere: no way to escape TOKİ;  in 56 provinces all around the country ıth many many superlatives; “the  biggest satellite-city in Turkey”: Kayabaşı…(Sunday) ; and furthermore  TOKİ is leading in Istanbul 18 “Urban Transformation” projects ;</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">As a result, TOKİ is a monster, but a <strong>discussed</strong> monster, even inside the conservative ranks:</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">1. For instance recently an influent member  of the Turkish Independent Businessmen Association (namely MÜSİAD) had  clearly declared that TOKİ should get out of middle and upper class  housing units production, at least because of illegal concurrence  practices… “Hayat öpücük” or “ölüm öpücük” for the Turkish construction  sector?</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">2. Discussed because its <strong>non-accountability</strong> (see Zafer Yükseler <em>Fortune</em>, March 2009 “Pandora Box”…) : 975  projects, 25 billions of TL….</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">3. Discussed because of its ambiguous <strong>statute</strong> ; see Esra Kaya, <em>Birgün</em> Newsweek, 12 04 2010 : “TOKİ, a  private company inside the state.”</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">4. Because of its <strong>authoritarian  ruling methods</strong>; see Çağlar Keyder speaking about “The Diktat  reign of Toki” ;</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">5. Because of <strong>architectural,  esthetic reasons</strong>….; this is a huge standardization machine  acting all around the country.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">---So how to cope with the (uncontrolled)  powerful Mass Housing Administration? Let’s see, in this context:</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">1)The <strong>genesis</strong> of a monster  or the un-negociated recentralization of Turkish housing policy :  initial competences, and progressive empowerment of a central agency.</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">2)The relationship with the private sector  and the meaning of the "incomes sharing" (<em>hasilat paylaşımı,  geliştirme</em>..) system's</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">3)And let’s understand TOKI through its  first Istanbul implementations in Istanbul especially as an urban  model-maker… with Ayazma case."</p>
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